Requisitos de la carta de solicitud de asilo en EE.UU.

La carta de declaracià ³n personal del solicitante de asilo afirmativo ante el Servicio de Inmigracià ³n y Ciudadanà ­a (USCIS, por sus siglas en inglà ©s) o del asilo defensivo en corte es una parte fundamental de la solicitud, ya que contribuye a demostrar que merece que se le reconozca en Estados Unidos la condicià ³n de asilado. En este artà ­culo se explica en quà © momento debe enviarse dicha carta y quà © elementos debe contener en su redaccià ³n.  ¿Cuà ¡ndo debe enviarse la carta de  declaracià ³n personal en la peticià ³n de asilo? Esta carta forma parte del paquete con el que se solicita al USCIS o a la corte que reconozca una situacià ³n de asilo. En otras palabras, es uno de los documentos que se envà ­an junto con la planilla I-589 y que inicia el proceso. Dicha planilla debe acompaà ±arse por una serie de documentos de apoyo, entre ellos, la  declaracià ³n personal del solicitante de asilo en forma de carta. Requisitos de la carta de declaracià ³n personal para solicitar  asilo en EE.UU. Esta carta se escribe habitualmente en una o varias pà ¡ginas, las cuales se adjuntan a la planilla I-589  porque el espacio en esta no suele ser suficiente. Es fundamental que la carta resulte creà ­ble al oficial del USCIS o al juez de corte migratoria y para ello es necesario que la declaracià ³n que contiene sea consistente con todo lo que previamente se ha dicho o posteriormente se alegue. No debe haber discrepancias grandes, porque darà ­a pie a pensar que se està ¡ mintiendo y, por lo tanto, se negarà ­a la peticià ³n de asilo. Entre otros elementos, la carta de declaracià ³n debe contener una explicacià ³n de por quà © el solicitante de asilo ha dejado su paà ­s y por quà © tiene miedo de regresar.   Ademà ¡s, debe incluir la redaccià ³n de incidentes sufridos por razà ³n de religià ³n, raza, nacionalidad, opinià ³n polà ­tica o pertenencia a un grupo social,  incluyendo todos los detalles que se recuerden. No es necesario especificar fechas exactas, pero sà ­, al menos, una cronologà ­a aproximada. Tambià ©n debe incluirse una descripcià ³n de situaciones de persecucià ³n sufridas por el mismo motivo por familiares o amigos. Finalmente, si el solicitante de asilo sospecha que su peticià ³n puede ser negada porque el gobierno puede creer que le aplica alguna de las prohibiciones legales para obtener dicho beneficio, deberà ¡ incluir en esta carta una explicacià ³n de las razones por las que dicha prohibicià ³n no le aplica. Por ejemplo, es relativamente comà ºn que el gobierno niegue el asilo alegando que el solicitante se ha establecido previamente de manera fija en un tercer paà ­s. Si eso no es asà ­, deberà ¡ aclararse este punto. Documentacià ³n de apoyo Una vez que se tiene la carta escrita debe buscarse otra documentacià ³n que sirva para corroborar razonablemente las condiciones que se describen sobre el paà ­s del que se huye y los hechos especà ­ficos que se alegan que le  han sucedido a la persona que pide el asilo.   Para ello pueden utilizarse recortes de perià ³dicos, declaraciones juradas de expertos y testigos, rà ©cords mà ©dicos o psicolà ³gicos, fotografà ­as que demuestren golpes, diarios personales, documentos oficiales como rà ©cords de detenciones, cualquier documento  con amenazas, carnets de pertenencia a un determinado partido polà ­tico,  declaraciones personales del solicitante de asilo en forma de carta, etc. En realidad, se puede presentar cualquier prueba que sirva para demostrar lo que se afirma en la carta de declaracià ³n personal, pero siempre tiene que ser pertinente y relevante.   Tener en cuenta que el gobierno de Estados Unidos es muy consciente de que determinados documentos del paà ­s de origen del solicitante de asilo no es posible obtenerlos. En estos casos es suficiente explicar que se ha intentado pero no ha sido posible. Lo que nunca debe hacerse es presentar documentacià ³n falsa. Idioma de la carta de declaracià ³n y documentos adicionales El solicitante de asilo puede escribir la carta de declaracià ³n en el idioma en que mejor pueda explicarse. La carta y todos los documentos que se adjunta en apoyo de la misma deben estar traducidos al inglà ©s, si es que està ¡n redactados en otro idioma.   Para ello, no es necesario pagar los servicios de un traductor jurado, siendo suficiente que traduzca toda la documentacià ³n una persona con conocimientos fluidos de espaà ±ol e inglà ©s y que certifique la traduccià ³n adecuadamente. Ademà ¡s, es recomendable no adjuntar ningà ºn documento oficial, como por ejemplo un carnet de identificacià ³n, una carta emitida por otro gobierno, etc. y sà ­ enviar en su lugar una copia legible del mismo. El dà ­a de la entrevista con el oficial del USCIS o de presentacià ³n en Corte migratoria se deben llevar esos documentos originales para que se puedan cotejar con las copias que previamente se enviaron. Si se envà ­an los originales lo que probablemente suceda es que nunca podrà ¡n recuperarse, de ahà ­ que se envà ­an solo fotocopias. La importancia vital de contar con un abogado migratorio para casos de asilo En los à ºltimos aà ±os ha habido un fuerte incremento de peticiones de asilo en Estados Unidos por parte de ciudadanos de Honduras, El Salvador, Guatemala, Mà ©xico y Venezuela, pero  la mayorà ­a de dichas peticiones son negadas, particularmente las que se intentan defender sin abogado. Por ejemplo, en el caso de asilo afirmativo, solo un 1,5% de los casos de mujeres y nià ±os centroamericanos que se presentan sin abogado a la entrevista de miedo creà ­ble logran aprobarla. Por otro lado, los abogados migratorios està ¡n teniendo à ©xito presentando los casos en cortes receptivas. Por ejemplo, mientras que en Georgia se niegan un 90% de los casos, en Nueva York se aprueban el 75%.   Asimismo, los letrados està ¡n siendo exitosos a la hora de convencer a un buen nà ºmero de jueces de que las amenazas y los daà ±os perpetrados contra mujeres y nià ±os por pandilleros encajan en los casos de persecucià ³n por pertenecer a un grupo social y, por lo tanto, ameritan la consideracià ³n de asilo. La presencia de un abogado en un caso de asilo es altamente recomendable desde el comienzo, contando con su asesoramiento en la redaccià ³n de la carta de declaracià ³n de peticià ³n de asilo ya que esta determina la razà ³n por la que se hace la solicitud y posteriormente no se puede cambiar su esencia ni contradecir su esencia. Si no se puede pagar a un abogado, se recomienda contactar con alguna organizacià ³n de apoyo legal a inmigrantes con buena reputacià ³n en la defensa de este tipo de casos. Este es un artà ­culo informativo. No es asesorà ­a legal.

The Road Of The Grand Canal Essay - 1035 Words

In the 18th century, transportation through the canal was still dangerous and difficult. The Grand Canal at Qingkou, where the Huai and the Yellow Rivers met, and it were extremely hazardous. In light of this, what made the Grand Canal the main long-distance trade route in the 18th century was not convenience (relative, for instance, to the coastal shipping). Perhaps we should draw our attention to other factors that have encouraged traders to transport their goods through the Canal. [17] [19] The Grand Canal has contributed to a large extent to ensure that the main Chinese economy has boomed in the past dynasties, and the new mission assigned by the current era is to turn south to the north. Even now, after thousands of years, and some parts of the canal are still in use, especially in the southern part. The cultural resources along the North-South Canal were plentiful, but most of them were ruined. Considerable efforts need to be done to preserve all of them. 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Writing Prompt the Great Gatsby free essay sample

The 1 asss were a time of dramatic changes that affected the economy, society, politics and popular culture. The nations total wealth doubled between the years of 1920 and 1929. As modern cities began to develop new buildings and advanced technology, many Americans began to move Into the city and started to abandon the rural farm life. This brought a wave of new technologies that could make the modern consumers life easier.The soaring business profits and higher wages gave more Americans the ability to purchase a wide range of consumer products. This gave their modern day society a new outlook on elite and brought prosperity to those who were looking for change in their everyday lives. As people had more free leisure time, they saw their culture start to flourish around them. Literature, film, and music caught up to the masses and began to develop an exciting nightlife for the younger generation. We will write a custom essay sample on Writing Prompt: the Great Gatsby or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Many significant films were made showing how life in the asss was an exciting time to live in. Historians have estimated that by the end of the decade, that three-quarters of the U. S. Population visited a movie theater every week. The book the Great Gatsby showcased the main character as a powerful and extravagant man that had an enriched lifestyle that represented the 1 The introduction to Jazz influenced a lot of young people to visit Jazz clubs in order to dance the night away to local bands.Dance halls like the Savoy in New York City and Argon in Chicago were very popular and had all the great and influential Jazz groups throughout that era. As the music became more popular, radio stations were looking for ways to broadcast the music to a wider audience. Phonograph records helped Jazz music reach a national audience having sold 100 million records in 1927 alone. Youthful teens of that generation seemed to love this genre of music but older generations objected to it. They saw this new wave of culture as obscene and were uncomfortable with this urban and racy mass culture. There was also a lot of segregation back then a group known as the UK Klux Klan spread hatred and prejudice against African Americans and other groups. Klan members held meetings and where they attacked and sometimes killed people they thought were UN-American. This was very hard for the younger generation because lot of the new culture had urban roots tied to them. Jazz began among African Americans In the South.

An analysis of the dramatic qualities of Act 3 scenes 1 in Romeo and Julietr Essay Example For Students

An analysis of the dramatic qualities of Act 3 scenes 1 in Romeo and Julietr Essay Act 3 scene 1 is very effective because of where it is placed in the play. We have just ended on a happy note in Act 2. Friar Laurence wanted to unite the Montagues and the Capulets. So we have a scene full of love and joy, the wedding between Romeo and Juliet. This is a great contrast as what comes in the next scene is quite the opposite. Everything that has been before this has been closer to one of Shakespeares comedies, rather than his tragedies. There are comic figures in the play such as Mercutio and even one of the main protagonists in the tragedy, Romeo. He fits the comic role because he falls in and out of love very quickly. We see this as when we first meet him at the beginning of the play he is in love with Rosaline, yet as soon as he meets Juliet he falls in love with her. To us this seems quite ridiculous and quite hilarious. In fact most of the events before Act 3 scene 1 have been largely positive, but it is at this point in the play where the happiness, from the previous scene, is shattered and the course of action of the play is now a relentless path to tragedy. We can tell that this was going to be a tragedy because even though the events before this have been positive, the language that is used reflects the fact that this play is a tragedy. It refers to fate and stars many times throughout the play. They play opens with the chorus describing Romeo and Juliet as Star-crossed lovers Meaning that they are ill fated from the moment the meet. Again, before Romeos and his friends reach the party he dreams that, Some consequences yet hanging in the stars Shall bitterly begin this fearful date With this nights revel Romeo here is using the same language before yet hanging in the stars is showing that this night is going to change his life for the worse. We, as the audience, dont realise why at the time but it is setting up the path for tragedy. But it is not until Act 3 scene 1 that we see the tragic actions come in to the play. When the actual scene starts it is a completely different image than the last scene. The scene before was set in a church, a wedding where everything looks happy. Act 3 scene 1 starts off in Verona, and Benvolio tells us that it is a hot day. This paints imagery in the audiences heads, as everyone will be agitated and not cool and calm. He tries to get Mercutio to leave as he can tell that something bad is going to happen. For now, these hot days, is the mad blood stirring. He is the wise one, the peacekeeper. Shakespeare also shows that Benvolio is calmer than  Mercutio as Benvolios speech is written in blank verse, showing calmness, whereas Mercutios speech is written in prose antagonising the mood to indicate a chaotic force. Benvolio is trying to keep the peace but Mercutio says to him that he is just as fiery as himself. Mercutio is making jokes and puns, playing on words. Wordplay was very popular in the Elizabethan time so this works well. He continues to makes puns even when Tybalt is creating a challenge for him. Tybalt does this by using polite sarcasm, Gentlemen, good een! A word with one of you There is joking from Mercutios part for a lot of this scene, even when he is dying, although I will discuss this later in my essay. There is aggressive converse between Mercutio and Tybalt; they are ready to fight as when Mercutio says, Make it a word and a blow, Tybalt replies with, You shall find me apt enough to that, sir, and you Will give me occasion This shows that he is ready and looking for a fight. Benvolio still tries to keep the peace but with all this talk between Mercutio and Tybalt makes the fight between Romeo and Tybalt more effective as it is unexpected. When Romeo enters Tybalt immediate stops his fight with Mercutio, as he was to fight Romeo. Tybalt insults Romeo by calling him a villain before Romeo gets to say a word. Romeos reply is very cryptic and it is effective because when he says, The reason I have to love thee doth much excuse the appertaining rage This is effective, as we know why he has to love him, but no one else does. Tybalt continues to insult Romeo by calling him Boy, but Romeo Post 1914 Drama EssayThe Lurhmans version is set on a beach, this is a public place but this is a more contemporary image as there are bars, umbrellas, music which is appealing to the youth culture fun, picking up on the themes of youth and age. Also the very fact that they are on a beach, everyone is having fun and enjoying themselves on a beach and the clothes they are wearing emphasise the heat. This gets across in both versions what Shakespeare tells us, that they will be more agitated because it is hot. This is highlighted more in the Lurhman version because the mood turns from to fun to anger quite quickly. In the Lurhman version the mood is very different. It is quite light at first but Mercutio gets angry very quickly and the intent isnt on a playful fight, these two clearly have the intent on killing each other as they load up there guns. In this version, everything is a lot more violent, including Tybalt. In this version Tybalt is portrayed as an obnoxious character who wants revenge, who seems to hold a grudge, This shall not excuse the injuries That thou hast done me In the Zeffirelli version Tybalt is portrayed as no more violent than Mercutio, he is also just trying to show off. In this film when he kills Mercutio it is seems like an accident, and he regrets it very much. We can see this because there is a close up shot of the sword with blood on and then a close up view on Tybalt and there is remorse on his face. In the Lurhman version on the other hand, Tybalt meant to kill Mercutio, he sees his chance while Romeo intervenes and takes it. He does seem a little regretful after he has done it, but not a lot. Not enough to make him stay and see whether Mercutios is going to live or not. In the Zeffirelli version Romeo runs at Tybalt. He looks warn out but he runs at Tybalt with 2 swords in his hands. He is hurt and his actions take place while he is angry but when he takes a step back and realises what he has done, he says his line, not very loudly but almost to himself, I am fortunes fool In  the Lurhman version, there are contemporary images as he drives at Tybalt in a car. He then kills Tybalt with a gun. Leading up to this you can see the anger in his eyes and you do sympathise with Romeo. You also sympathise with him because you see the guilt, and the regret in his face Briony Donnelly When he does shoot Tybalt as the camera zooms into his face. One of the most dramatic moments in this scene is where Romeo realises what he has done and says the line, I am Fortunes Fool This is effective because he shouts it and it echoes to make it more dramatic. What else is effective is again echoing at the end of this scene, where the prince shouts, Romeo is banished! This echoes and it gives us as the audience time to reflect on what has happened to Romeo before it moves on. In conclusion I would say that this is the one of most dramatic Scenes in the whole play, apart from the end scene. You see the true colours of some characters, we see murders and the guilt it brings. We see many themes, obviously the main one being love. The play focuses on romantic love, specifically the intense passion that springs up at first sight between Romeo and Juliet. In Romeo and Juliet, love is a violent, ecstatic, overpowering force that replaces all other values, loyalties, and emotions. In the course of the play, the young lovers are driven to defy their entire social world. Romeo watches his best friend dying as he wouldnt fight because of his love for Juliet. They both defy their families. The powerful nature of love can be seen in the way it is described, or, more accurately, the way descriptions of it so consistently fail to capture its entirety. At times love is described in the terms of religion, when Romeo and Juliet first meet. Romeo and Juliet does not make a specific moral statement about the relationships between love and society, religion, and family; rather, it portrays the chaos and passion of being in love, combining images of love, violence, death, religion, and family in an impressionistic rush leading to the plays tragic conclusion, For never was a story of more woe Than this of Juliet and her Romeo.

Dolphins Orcas Essays - Killer Whales, Predators, Dolphin, Orca

Dolphins: Orcas Orcas ? Orcas are actually the largest members of the dolphin family. ? The name orca means demon from hell in Greek. The scientific name is Orcinus Orca ? The Orca was nick named the Killer Whale when one was seen eating another whale. It was originally called Whale Killer and then was later changed to Killer Whale. There are no confirmed records of orcas killing a human. ? Orcas are estimated to live 50-60 years ? They are said to be capable of setting an impressive pace of 34 mph and covering 60- 100 miles of ocean in a day. ? Orcas have 48 sharp teeth, that are conical-shaped and three inches long and are known to eat low flying birds and attack whales over five times their own size. They also like squid, herring and some warm blooded mammals. They consume around 100 pounds of fish a day and their favorite food is salmon. The way that they attack their prey is to circle around them. ? The orca is black on the top half of its body and white on the bottom half because their dark back blends n with the darker water and the white bellies blend in with the sunlit water above them. ? Male orcas can reach up to 32 feet, weigh over eight tons and have a dorsal fin of up to five feet tall ? Females can grow up to 22 feet tall, weigh about four tons, and have a three foot dorsal fin. ? Orcas are found in all oceans of the world and favor coastal temperate or cool waters. However, they also range into polar areas. Some orca populations remain local and travel along predictable routes and others are transient and move over great distances. ? Mating and birth take place mainly in autumn and winter. Gestation lasts over 12 months and at birth orcas are about 6-7 ft long and weigh almost 400lbs. They are born tail first. ? Females may give birth to four to six young during a lifetime. ? Orcas are very social whales and most pods consist of 5-30 individuals ? Studies have shown that each pod has its own distinctive dialect or accent, and that members of the same pod can recognize each other through this distinctive dialect ? Orcas do not migrate, but have seasonal movements, which are tied into prey movement and environmental changes. ? Capture of orcas for display has become controversial and more restricted. Never before has a captured orca been returned to the ocean. ? Orcas and all whales, along with dolphins use and advanced system of SONAR, which stands for Sound Navigation Ranging. This is called Echolocation. The most frequent are loud bursts; these are used to located prey. The sound waves bounce off the object and are reflected back to the orca. These reflections are received by the jawbone and interpreted into an exact location. The high pitched whistles and shrills are used to communicate with other orcas even at a distance of several miles. Science

Beginnings essays

Beginnings essays Psychiatrists say that a child's values are pretty much locked in by the age of ten. I grew up a child of suburban Chicago in the mid 1980s. I had a nice, cold, and snowy day for my birthday since I was born on December 30, 1985 and December is the peak of winter. My values and beliefs will be very different from someone that grew up in Coldwater, Michigan. Different religions also affect this lot since my Hindu beliefs and ideals would be entirely different from a Christians beliefs and ideals even if we grew up in the same neighborhood. Family plays a large part in my life, but it has not usually had a good impact upon it. Throughout my existence, the greed of other family members has plagued me with money problems. It would appear that, to them, having material possessions more important than assuring my well-being. My mother's parents kicked her out of the family. When my mom married my dad, my grandparents refused to speak to them; as did all the others from her family because she ran away and got married. When I was born, the families were back together in a sense. My dad worked for Drisilker, one of the worlds foremost electric motor repair facilities in the world. They received motors from all over the US, Switzerland, and Germany. My mom worked at the Taco Bell down the street as the shift manager. At the time, my dads 2 younger brothers were living with us also. They worked at various fast food restaurants. Neither of them was very responsible so they could not hold employment very long. I was born IBM PC-DOS 3.2 was released. That may later work into my fixation with computers. This new DOS system also helped push IBM further ahead into the computer market helping them to set the pace for the competition. That might help to explain my attachment to computers now. On the day I was born, President Zia of Pakistan ended martial law, and restored their constitution. When I see this ...

The Common Perception of Juvenile Offenders Essay

The Common Perception of Juvenile Offenders - Essay Example The Certain reason for it cannot be distinguished strictly. Presumably such behavior is encouraged with the stereotypes, common for police and jurors and is rooted in the past where the slavery and beliefs of blacks being not as clever as whites and much more aggressive were wide-spread. Mass-media is also likely to influence such point of view, describing the evil nature of Black juvenile offenders and the misguided yet still innocent nature of White juvenile offenders ». Thus shooting at school committed by a white adolescent would most likely be described as shocking, while same act committed by a black one - as expectable. There are no special explorations of for reasons of juvenile legal discrimination, but similar tests were conducted with adults and resulted in the theory of similarity-leniency, where people tend to show more empathy with ones whom they consider alike to their person. That was not the first experiment of a kind, still it was the first one conducted in order to prove the existence of racial prejudice directed onto coloured juveniles. The confinement of African American juveniles throughout the United States is abnormal. The rate of juvenile confinements for several years has decreased, and thus the predominance of arrests of coloured juveniles has become even more obvious. According to researches, coloured youth commits more crimes and is arrested twice as often as white juveniles. Still, the other reason for such misbalance was also caused by the difference in attitude to black or latin juveniles in comparison to white ones. It is bound not only with the biased attitude but also with the difference in the life circumstances of juveniles that result in stricter sentences. For example under the law of Minnesota, a punishment for trying crack cocaine is four years of confinement, while trying powdered cocaine leads only to probation period.

Developing Good Business Sense Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Developing Good Business Sense - Essay Example McDonalds is one of those organizations that are known for continuous development in their systems. Employees at McDonalds are not only involved in manufacturing of food and different aspects of operations management, they are also well-supported by automated system, hi-tech equipments and effective supply chain management system (McDonalds-UK, 2013). A critical analysis of McDonalds’ operations helped in understanding that minimum wastage, customer-oriented approach and environmental considerations are main features that govern the performance of its employees. Hence, effective cold chain, customer services and just-in time delivery by the supplier are the main features of McDonald’s operations that also govern the task performance of its employees. Like McDonalds, KFC is also supported with highly skilled labor and automation in its system. However, there is limited attention paid to materials management in terms of supplier’s selection and waste management. Wh ere McDonalds has strategic alliances to limited suppliers, KFC has a rather extensive pool of suppliers. Yearly assessment of suppliers helps in selection for the next year. Unlike KFC and McDonalds, Amazon chose to identify the top selling items and have a readily available stock of such items. It is important to note that more than warehouse management; Amazon relies on its alliances with suppliers in different regions of the world and courier services. Therefore, employees working with Amazon are more supported with IT-based interventions than the actual manufacturing processes. McDonalds and KFC use flexible operating system when it comes to operations and materials management. They have computer-aided manufacturing programs with human intervention in a supervisory role than direct involvement in production. However, as far as delivery of ready-to-cook items and real-time cooking is concerned, it is performed through their employees. Such practice helps in ensuring that a suita ble quantity of finish product is available to meet the demands of consumers without incurring actual wastages. On the other hand, Amazon focuses on small-batch production when it comes to selection of operations and materials management. The storing capacity of Amazon is rather limited and it focuses on having strategic alliances in different regions for catering customers all around the world instead of having physical facilities across the globe. Only limited items are stored based on their past selling patterns and consumers’ demands. As far as their operations and materials management costs are concerned, McDonalds and KFC incur costs in terms of raw materials purchase, plant management and basic manufacturing, labor, inventory management and distribution (Jones, 2007). All these components are inevitable to incur as these fast food chains cannot outsource manufacturing processes. On the other hand, Amazon incurs costs because of products’ purchase, warehousing an d distribution along with human resource management. Since it does not perform direct manufacturing i.e. publishing, CD burning etc, itself, therefore it purchases ready products from publishers and vendors in different regions and deliver them to customers accordingly. Main source of costs is expected to be warehousing and d

Air Pollution Controlling for industrial cities in Saudi Arabia Research Paper

Air Pollution Controlling for industrial cities in Saudi Arabia - Research Paper Example The idea of nationalism should be abandoned and the concept of global citizenship should be embraced in order to solve the problems of humanity. The corporate entities are also required to practice the idea of green production and will also have to use alternative and eco-friendly energy sources. As a last resort the humanity should find ways for leaving Earth as its environment will decay beyond repair. The NASA along with main economic powers of the world is trying to perfect space travel technology for resettlement of humanity on some other planet. Conclusively if all the methods of controlling global warming and aerial pollution then humanity may have to revert towards the simpler life that must be spent in underground tunnels because in a few generations the Earth's surface may become inhabitable. However in the light of whole discussion the simpler life will be the best one for humans. Introduction The modern era of the 21st century has been facing the challenge of controlling pollution. The fundamental reason for environmental degradation is believed to be growing number of green-house gases in the atmosphere. These lethal gases are however the byproducts of state of the art production technologies. The humanity has abandoned natural way of living and initiated to use vehicles and factories for transportation and production respectively. Yet aforementioned technological interventions are the most noted sources of pollution. The increasing pollution is also considered as one the most significant causes of degrading health standards because harmful gases such as carbon monoxide when introduced into the human body can cause lung cancer and other respiratory issues (Brunekreef, Janssen, Hartog, Harssema, Knape, & Vliet, 1997). These gases are also causing the ozone layer to thicken that hinders exhalation of ultraviolet rays. Thus, these gases are contributing significantly towards aggravating the phenomenon of global warming. The sense of environmental bett erment is quite prevalent in developed nations of the world. But less enlightened nations are not largely bothered by the presence and expansion of environmental decay. In recent years nonetheless researchers from underdeveloped countries are emphasizing the notion of policy development in order to control and manage environmental deformation. According to a sensitive calculation, it was found that in the next 150 years the planet Earth will become uninhabitable because of global warming. Moreover the destructive forces are already starting to set in as glaciers are melting and therefore hurricanes and flooding are increasing in all parts of the world. Furthermore the nature of problems identified in the preceding paragraph is international and due to this reason nations are suggested to pool their resources in order to fight the biggest challenge humanity has ever faced. The time is believed to be near when humans will be forced to revert towards simpler existence in order to save their skin. According modern research caves and underground tunnels are significantly immune to the effects of global warming and therefore if everything fails against global warming and pollution then humans may have to take shelter in caves. The typical corporate mindset of profit maximization has played a significant role in enhancing the demon of global warming. In the past and present the businessmen remained concerned with profit that compelled them to harm the natural

Influence of Terror on Pakistan Stock Market Returns

Influence of Terror on Pakistan Stock Market Returns Abstract This paper examines the influence of political instability and terror on Pakistan stock market returns between 1997 and 2010. The study constructs three variables that quantify political instability and terror and examine the effect on country stock return. This study seeks to apply the Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (GARCH) model to assess the impact of these variables on stock market returns and volatility using daily time series data for KSE. Results for KSE showed strong support for the hypothesis that bad news exerts more adverse effect on stock market volatility than good news of the same magnitude. Furthermore, terror and regime have significant negative impact while war has positive but insignificant effect on stock market volatility. JEL Classification: O40, C32. Keywords: Terror, Regime, political instability, growth, ARCH/GARCH. Introduction Many people agree that stock prices sometimes behave in bizarre ways. Markets are pretty tough and quite difficult. In the world of todays no one can negate the importance of stock markets. Stock market acts as a barometer for any countrys economy. In todays information-oriented world, news travels very fast and contagion can spread quickly and capital markets become more flexible and are absorb shocks brought on different news such as terrorism, political instability etc. Stock market of Pakistan is going through quite rough patch from many years. The change of political government and later on the terrorists attacks have badly affected the stock market and make the Pakistan Stock Market unreliable place for investment. As by seeing the overall scenario of Pakistans stock market during that time period it was not difficult for prices to follow certain patterns that support the rejection of Random Walk Hypothesis. This paper examines the impact of change in government, war and terror on economic growth in the Pakistan. Pakistan is one of those episodic-democratic countries who are facing continuous upheavals and socio-political disruptions since their inception. Military interventions could be witnessed in the political history of Pakistan. More over intervallic wars with India, strikes, antigovernment demonstrations and most importantly the ongoing war on terror have popped Pakistan to prominence on the socio-political platform. Such sociopolitical flux, terrorist attacks and other disruptions can have serious implications for stock price movement because stock prices reflect investors expectations about the future and these stock price movements on aggregate can generate a surged wave of activity. There has been an extensive work on study of stock market returns and volatility with respect to the fundamental variables and the macroeconomic variables but a diminutive work has been done so far to study the impact of socio-political factors on the stock market volatility in Pakistan. The existing literature on impact of socio-political factors on stock returns volatility is quite inadequate especially if we talk in context of Pakistani market. Masood Sergi (2008) analyzed Pakistans political risks and events that have affected the Pakistani stock market since its independence but their study chiefly covers the political events. Terrorism and strikes which have recently become the matters of intense interest and the source of unrest in the economy are the missing part there. The Karachi stock market is rapidly converting into a volatile market. If we see figure below it showed that there are high volatility during 1997 to 2010. This cannot be viewed as a positive sign for this emerging markets like Stock market of Pakistan. Though heavy fluctuations in stock prices are not an unusual phenomena and it has been observed at almost all big and small exchanges of the world. But focusing on the reasons for such fluctuations is instructive and likely to have important policy implications. The efficient market hypothesis argued that changes in stock prices are mainly dependent on the arrival of information regarding the expected returns from the stock and risk associated with that stock. (See Figure 1.1) So the purpose of our study is to examine empirically the impact of socio-political instability on Pakistani stock market. This study examines the three factors and their impact on the Pakistani stock market; the political instability due to military interventions, 1999 Kargil war, and terrorism. Literature Review A number of theoretical and empirical articles argue that these factors hinder economic growth of a country. Cutler, Poterba and Summers (1989) claimed that the sock prices move in response to the information other than about the fundamental values. They estimate the fraction of stock returns that can be accredited to various kinds of economic and non-economic events including assassinations of important political or national figures, war, invasions, raids and major policy change but their findings suggests a very small effect of non-economic news on the share price. Most of the studies have found a significant impact of political news or events on the stock market behavior. Chan Wei (1996) studied the impact of political news on the stock market volatility in Hong Kong and using GARCH-M model they found the strong evidence of the impact of political news on stock market volatility inferring that unfavorable political news is correlated to negative returns for the Hang Seng Index and vice versa. Mei Guo (1999) examined the impact of political insecurity on the financial crises in emerging markets and they observe that market volatility increased during political election and transition periods and political uncertainty could be a major contributory factor to financial crisis. Similarly Kim Mei (2001) infered through empirical analysis using GARCH(1,1) filter that the political risk affect the stock market volatility but this impact of political events or news is asymmetric, with bad news having a greater influence on volatility relative to good news. However Voth (2001) have argued that the impact of political factors in studies on German market has been over stated. He argued that the majority of events escalating political uncertainty had a minute or no effect on the value of German assets and the volatility of their returns. Instead, it was inflation that is mainly responsible for most of the variability in stock returns. He suggests that there is no direct linkage between the political factors and the stock market, however through channel it impacts. But Voth (2002) in a panel study of a set of 10 countries using panel regression confess that during great depression political risks changed dramatically over the period, and are adequate to account for a large part of the boost in stock price volatility. Beaulieu, Cosset Essaddam (2002) examined the impact of political risk in Canada on the volatility of stock returns, covering important political events in the country. Their study suggested that political news performs a significant role in the volatility of stock returns. Moreover the volatility of stock returns also depends on the degree of how much a firm is exposed to political risk i.e. the structure of its assets and the level to which there is foreign involvement. Kutan Perez (2002)Â  also found a significant impact of social and political factors on stock return volatility in their study conducted on Colombian stock market. Bautista (2003) applied Regime-switching-ARCH regression on Philippine stock returns to estimate its conditional variance and the estimated volatility was then related to major political and economic events. Their study revealed that the Philippine stock market is sensitive to radical changes in the political situation. Moreover the series of military takeover attempts during late 1980s in Philippines lead to hefty fluctuations in stock market index. Masood Sergi (2008) analyzed political risks and events that have affected the Pakistans stock markets since its foundation. They have found that Pakistans political risk carries a significant risk premium of between 7.5% and 12%. They made forecasts using Bayesian hierarchical modeling and Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) techniques and found that there is relatively high probability of occurrence of events with an average arrival rate of approximately 1.5 events per year. Many others also wrote that political instability warped the future path of investment decisions (Calvo and Drazen (1997), lessened public investment leading to a shift of government budgets from capital spending to government consumption (Darby, Li and Muscatelli (1998), and makes governments less inclined to make improvements to the legal system (Svensson (1993) Wars and unrest at the borders creates instability and panic among the investors that could affect the stock market movement at large. The affect of war has been analyzed in many studies including Cutler, Poterba and Summers (1989), Aggarwal, Incaln Leal (1999) and in Pakistan Masood Sergi (2008). Aggarwal, Incaln Leal (1999) examined the sort of events that cause large swings in volatility of emerging stock markets. For this purpose they examine various social, political and economic events both at global and domestic level to find out their explanatory power in context of the returns volatility in the emerging markets including the impact of gulf war. Though at small scale but the impact of gulf war was felt in those emerging markets. Similarly Masood Sergi (2008) found that among other factors that they studied, wars with India, 1948, 1965, 1971 and 1999 kargil war negatively influenced the Pakistani stock market. Evia et al. (2008) examined the affect of socio-political conflict in Bolivia on economic performance. Factors studied widespread during the conflicts as strikes, demonstrations, road blockades, and conventional rent-seeking. Their results showed that economic growth due to external factors is positively related to conflict while growth due to productive investment is negatively related to conflict. Terrorism is another as put that has been studied in relation to economic activity. Many studied in this distance; produced conflicting results as Becker and Murphy (2001) argue that economic performance are not much affected, because terrorist attacks usually devastate only a small portion of the overall stock of capital in a country. By contrast, Abadie and Gardeazabal (2005) repeated that terrorism shape overall economic risk in a country and lead to the economic shakiness in the country. They also conclude their study that higher level of terrorism risks results into the lower levels of foreign direct investment (FDI). Almost all studies on terrorism and its influence on stock prices limited to only on a single or few events, such as the 11 September 2001 attacks, as considered by Hon et al. (2004) Chen and Siems (2003) study. Chen Siems (2003), used event study methodology to capture the aftermath of terrorism on global capital markets. They studied on the reaction of U.S. capital markets in response to terrorist attacks. Their results showed that capital markets of US are more resilient flexible than in the past and recover quicker from terrorist attacks than other global capital markets. Their study suggests this increased market resilience to be partially explained by a stable financial sector in US that provides adequate liquidity to support market stability and reduce the spread panic. Methodology and Data Description Stock index data is taken from Karachi Stock Exchange, Yahoo Finance. This is a well known and reliable source of business information in Pakistan. The daily closing value of KSE-100 index is used for calculating the daily returns. The continuously compounded annual rate of return is used to measure the returns for the specific period as; Rt = ln (Pt / Pt-1) The closing prices of KSE-100 index for Karachi Stock Exchange are taken for the period July 2, 1997 to Oct 13, 2010. Our proxies are TERROR, a dummy variable of terrorist incidents during this period; REGIME, a dummy variable for government changes from fully democratic government to Marshal Law or democratic under such condition; a dummy variable for the period of the Kargal War in 1999. We applied regression model and Arch/Garch technique to capture the results. ARCH/GARCH Study Models This section presents the methodology of the paper. Daily data for Karachi stock markets were obtained from Yahoo finance and data for terror, kargal war and regime were obtained from South East Asia Terrorism Portal, and Different News Paper of Pakistan. Study apply ARCH/GARCH tools to see the long term relationship of these variable taking stock return as dependent variable and terror, regime and kargal war as independent variables. As aggregate uncertainty may be a function of political instability, we proceed to model uncertainty directly. It is natural to look at the conditional variance of output. Thus, we examine GARCH processes, in a more general framework than in the previous section. The model estimated here is a GARCH (1,1) process. Engle (1982) argue that in high frequency data large and small disturbance errors appear in group therefore error term variances can be shown as a function of their lagged values. He calls it Autoregressive conditional Heteroskedasticity (ARCH). As an investor or policy maker, we might be interested in investigating the returns and variance financial assets over observable period of time (conditional) rather than long run estimate of variance (unconditional). Engle (1982) shows that it is possible to describe the conditional mean and conditional variance of a financial asset using information set of previous period; Where is the return of financial asset in time t conditional on the information set at time t-1. E represents the expected value in statistics. Consider the simple model Where Where the rate of is return and are the regression parameters. A typical ARCH model can be written as follows: Conditional Mean Equation; Error Decomposition OR where ‘v is the part of variance which is homoskedastic and is the conditional variance which is Heteroskedasticity. This conditional variance can be shown as ARCH Conditional variance Equation, i.e. where and are non negative. Engle (1982) has also derived a Lagrange Multiplier (LM) based principle to test the hypothesis of. Another useful variant of ARCH methodology, proposed by Bollerslev (1986) is the generalized ARCH or GARCH model. Bollerslev (1986) argues that conditional variance in financial series is not only the function of its lagged error term but also the function of its lagged conditional variances. Therefore, GARCH (1, 1) process would be So GARCH model helps to explain the conditional variance with the help of past squared error term and conditional variance lag value. Which also means that conditional variance at time‘t would be function of long run variances and also variances conditional on past information set (short run) or observed shocks i.e. . Testing for ARCH/GARCH effects: Before estimating Arch/Garch techniques, it is first important to check for possible presence of Arch effect in order to know which model is requires the ARCH estimation instead of OLS (Ordinary Least Squire). The presence of ARCH effects in a regression model does not invalidate OLS estimation. However it implies that there is more efficient nonlinear estimator than OLS. (See Table 1.1) Obs*R-Squared is 147.26 and has a probability limit of 0.000. This clearly suggested that ARCH effect is present and presence of Heteroskedasticity suggested that ARCH/GARCH is appropriate model for this type of time series data. So we can apply ARCH/GARCH model on this data instead of ordinary least squire regression. Result of GARCH effects: The results of GARCH are presented in Table 1.3. The first column presents the regression results when we include as independent variables dummy values of the regime, terror, and war. In most of the cases, the variables enter with the anticipated signs, but not all of them are consistently significant at the 0.05 level. We can see an evidence of significant negative impact of terror, regime that show due to bomb blast in Pakistan and change in government negatively impact the country stock return in long run while insignificant positive impact of war on the country stock return. The results can further explained that stock return volatility every day is explained by approximately 71% of the previous months return volatility for Karachi stock exchange. This is significant for KSE returns. The coefficient of return innovation are statistically significant for market implying that new information arrival into the markets has significant impact on predicting next days stock market volatility. Because, the constant term in the variance equation for KSE is significant. The results of GARCH (1,1) are presented in Table 1.3 (Table 1.2) The model can be written as; Mean Equation: = 0.001188+ 0.064048* R_KSE(-1) Variance Equation: GARCH = 4.01E-05 + 0.20721*ARCH+ 0.713458 GARCH(-1) 1.21E-05*Terror + 1.93E-05*War -1.48E-05*Regime The persistence parameter for KSE Durbin-Watson stat = 1.943, which is > 1. This show a very explosive volatility in KSE returns. It also demonstrates the capability of past volatility to explain current volatility (Engle and Bollerslev, 1986) and because it is very high, the rate at which it diminishes is rather very slowly. For ACRH/GARCH, conditional standard deviation and conditional varience graph were as shown in figure 1.2 and 1.3; The GARCH coefficient is both statistically significant and conforms to expectation. This implies that past variances exert significantly positive effect on stock return volatility in KSE. On the basis of these results, it is evident that there is significant time varying volatility in Pakistan stock market returns during the sample periods. Conclusions and Recommendations In this paper, we have estimated a nonlinear GARCH model for daily stock returns volatility and terror, Kargal war and regime in Pakistan. Data for the estimation of GARCH (1,1) models was obtained from Yahoo finance and South Asia Terror Portal and news paper of Pakistan. The asymmetric effect of terror, war and regime on stock returns and volatility was investigated. Preliminary investigation into the nature of the data reveals that study had to employ ARCH/GARCH techniques for data analysis. Firstly, results show evidence of time varying volatility in stock market returns across the market and from the asymmetric model, results indicate that bad news has larger impact on stock volatility than good news in the KSE. The result for KSE showed that terror and regime has negativity impact on returns of KSE while war has positively effect, it may be due to short term period of the war. All three variable are significantly have their impact on the returns.

Imprisoned by Society in The Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins Gilm

The Yellow Wallpaper: Imprisoned by Society Charlotte Perkins Gilman's, "The Yellow Wallpaper" is the story of a woman's descent into madness as the result of being isolated as a form of "treatment" when suffering from postpartum depression. On a larger scale, Gilman is also telling the story of how women were kept prisoners by the confines of the society of her time and the penalties these women incurred when they attempted to break free from these confines. In the beginning of the story, the narrator, whose name is never divulg... ...s a fascinating look into the mind of a woman slipping deeper and deeper into mental illness. It is also, however, clearly a statement by Gilman of the absurd confines society places on the women of her time and the extreme consequences that befell the women who attempted to break free of those confines.

Various theoretical movements

Like other social scientists, systematically looking for general patterns in human behavior is the main work that anthropologists take on. They also develop theories and use scientific methods to test their research as they struggle to determine their differences and similarities in urban, industrial and cross-cultural societies.Its important feature is always its emphasis on the insider’s view of a society. It aims to provide an understanding of the various cultures as it determines how people of a culture view the world. Thus, discoveries and studies in anthropology ultimately contribute to international harmony and with respect to the beliefs and values each one possess.Theories in AnthropologyVarious theoretical movements have been identified and studied and most of the principles frequently overlap or contradict each other altogether.   Some concentrate on past civilizations while some study on present ones (McGee, 2004).In the book of Thomas Kuhn, several theories were â€Å"stimulated† and were based on a positivist epistemology. Historical Particularism, Culture and Personality, Structuralism and Functionalism as well as many others comprise the broad spectrum of Anthropology.But there are theories as well that alter the premise that dichotomizes the relationship between reality and theory and these are the theories that are influenced by post-modern perspectives such as the theory of Interpretivists and Constructivists. To further breakdown and understand how each school of thought works, defining the main themes and how they differentiate from one another will categorize each movement and its impact, if any, to present studies.Evolutionism in the Nineteenth Century claims that societal groups developed according to one universal order of cultural evolution (McGee, 2004).   Stated simply, the proponents of this theory identified â€Å"universal evolutional stages† and have classified different societies as savage, barbarian civ ilization.They came to this conclusion by studying the data they have collected from traders and missionaries in the study of the various cultures they were interested in.Although most theorists rarely went to the societies they were analyzing, they organized the data they have collected, albeit second-hand data, and applied a general theory to all societies. Thus was born the train of thought placing Western Societies with rather advanced technologies and placing these societies at the highest rank of civilization (Erickson, 2008).The main theme that categorizes this movement is the assumption that human minds share similar characteristics all over the world (Moore, 2004). Does this mean that all people and their societies will go through the same processes of development? It seems so for another underlying assumption is all that belong to Western Societies are superior to other societies in the world.This assumption may be based on the fact these same societies possess the militar y and economic power against technologically simple societies (McGee, 2004). But can this then apply to other aspects of societies, such as kin systems, religion and childrearing customs? There is a logical progression that cannot be denied and this can be observed in the use of simple tools to using complex technology in most Western Societies.However, this train of thought offers a rather simplistic explanation on the development of Western Societies. Generally, it became too racist and during that time, Henry Morgan believed that evolution only moved from early societies to the Western societies.He also argued that intelligence is not a valid point to be raised for all people in various societies have different levels of intelligence and supported as well by Burnett Tylor.This theory was strongly attacked by supporters of the Historical Particularism for they see this theory as too speculative and ethnocentric and at the same time, approaches as too materialistic and the views on the various cultures are influenced by the Marxist Anthropology (McGee, 2004).Historical Particularism’s main point is to focus its research on a specific society, its whole and its own history richly detailing the cultural traits and characteristics into its descriptive technology (Erickson, 2008). Franz Boas primarily led other theorists to support ethnography method instead of the comparative method, stressing the importance of a solid and intensive ground work research.He was considered the Father of American Anthropology because he openly challenged the proponents of the previous theory who he believed are overtly racist in nature and is responsible for influencing a large number of ethnographers who include Kroeber, Lowie, Spier, Wissler, Mead, Radin, Bunzel, Sapir, Benedict, Herskovits, Hoebel and many others like him ( Moore, 2004).The problem however with this theory is that it has very little stimulation resulting in a static view of cultures and did not develop a sense of cultural dynamics and continuities. It however laid the ground work for systematic field work and research.Structuralism is best exemplified by a leading intellectual of the age, published extensively his writings and revolved his theory around the basic question, â€Å"what are the human patterns of thought that bring order to the world?† bringing to the forefront the other question, â€Å"how does man deal with chaos?†Levi-Strauss’ stressed the main points of this theory that the mind takes varied and potentially chaotic experiences to attempt to logically structure this experiences in binary configurations, and incorporating these with dominant images and symbols we come across in the world (McGee, 2004). Levi-Strauss believed that these configurations is an unconscious process devoid of being developed and articulated but instead deeply rooted from the structures of the mind.He argued that since all people of all cultures utilize binary principles t o organize and structure the experiences they encounter daily, the manner of comprehending the meaning to any quality must logically have an antithesis or opposite. This explains the rise of various symbols in human societies that run through symbolic polarities like right-left, moon-sun, female-male, life-death, and good-evil.The major contribution of this theory is the logical study of myth and thinking where knowledge communicate a significant message about how things are organized and specifically mediate or lessens experiential contradictions (order to chaos) and introducing an anomalous element – virgin mothers, garden of eden ( Evolutionism, 2008).This theory used a non empirical approach in its methods where most positivists ague and they believed that the structures of thinking should be based on binary principles. They also believed that all forms of thinking are logical and not less significant and the tools are just the things that differ at the way one processes the information around him.

Looks Might Be Deceiving

Looks Might Be Deceiving Free Online Research Papers In our daily life, we face many life-changing events, some of which might be meeting new people we never knew before, going through a certain experience, or even simply discovering things that have always been there around you but you never learned about earlier. Let’s start off by people. Millions of people live around us daily, but who do we get to know? Only the ones that we work with or in my case, the people who study at my school. Why is that? We are afraid that if we got to know new people, they might disappoint us, or even break our hearts in certain cases. Every one of us has his own â€Å"bad† characteristics, but in some people these might show more than others. For example, you might be at the grocery store one day and as you reach your queue at the cashier, you realize you forgot your wallet at home. To your surprise the guy behind you in-line unhesitatingly offers to pay for your goods. You eventually get to know the guy and then one day you mistakenly find out that by day he’s your average every-day accountant, but by night he is a highly wanted car thief. This might be really disappointing for you, as it will also leave a bad impression on you that will make you think in certain way such as: ‘Why sh ould I meet new people? Maybe they turned out to be murderers, alcoholics, drug addicts, thieves etc’ On the other hand, life isn’t just people, who we know and who we don’t. It’s also our surrounding environment that could contain physically deceiving material. One model that might be focuses upon is the ocean. The ocean, according to scientists, makes up about 70% of the earth’s surface. Looking at the ocean we would be stunned by the amazing reefs, different sizes and colors of fish, sea plants. But if we took a closer, deeper look, we would be surprised to find out that those gentle and harmless waves on the top were deceiving us and hiding from us what lies beneath. Fish eating each other, sharks attacking harmless small sea creatures, octopi squirting there dark blue ink around, or even rich divers diving around in search for trophies to take back home and boast in front of other friends. â€Å"Where Dreams Come True†, â€Å"Where Friendship is the Largest Jackpot!†, â€Å"Where players win†, â€Å"Your road to Riches!†. Weren’t those attractive? Well I wouldn’t like to disappoint you but those were famous casino slogans. As my concluding point I would like to mention casinos as you can see. Casinos, also known as places where you would most probably destroy your life or if you were surprisingly lucky, be able to score the jackpot and win loads of money. But what are the odds of that happening? Nobody actually knows. People go there with one aim, mainly to have fun and gain some extra cash, while they actually return home disappointed to the fact that they almost got broke. As a conclusion I’d like to state a well known saying, â€Å"NEVER judge a book by its cover†. No matter how attractive the physical appearance is, you can never know what actually lies beneath unless you experience it, which can sometimes have harsh consequences. Research Papers on Looks Might Be DeceivingThe Hockey GameThe Masque of the Red Death Room meaningsGenetic EngineeringThe Spring and AutumnStandardized TestingThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationHip-Hop is ArtHarry Potter and the Deathly Hallows EssayPersonal Experience with Teen Pregnancy19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided Era

Free Essays on Barbarian

, â€Å"an intermediate generation between gods and mortals.† (Herodotus, pg. xxx) Herodotus The Histories is an amazing work. This work is titled a history, but it is important to remember that a history is not just a telling of past events. Even the most objective histories contain the biases and personal prejudices of the author. Herodotus is no exception. Within his many detailed stories and events, the reader can clearly sense his thoughts of Greek supremacy. The ancient Greek people were very proud of their culture for many different reasons. A main source of pride, however, was the Greek style of art and architecture. The Greek culture was very rich around the time of the fifth and sixth centuries BC, influencing many other cultures that came in contact with it. One such culture was that of the Persians. The Greek force defeated the Persian force, lead by Xerxes, in 479 BC. After this battle, there is evidence of Persian art having som... Free Essays on Barbarian Free Essays on Barbarian Barbarian. Within the text of Herodotus, this term meant â€Å"a non-Greek.† Originally, this term was not meant to be offensive or negative, but over time the Greeks began to think of themselves as culturally superior to the barbarians. The Greeks believed in a concept called â€Å"guest-friendship.† Guest friendship was when one man (or community) would extend his protection to an outsider visiting his community. Guest friendship involved reciprocal gift giving and was a very formal procedure. This process was eternally under the protection of the great Greek deity Zeus. Though the ancient Greeks entertained guests from various locations and cultures, they held to the fact that their own Greek culture was entirely pure and of their invention. Ancient Greeks did not cite the influences of others on their fine art. Within the ancient Greek culture, the term â€Å"hero† referred to a mortal made divine after death. In other words, â€Å"an intermediate generation between gods and mortals.† (Herodotus, pg. xxx) Herodotus The Histories is an amazing work. This work is titled a history, but it is important to remember that a history is not just a telling of past events. Even the most objective histories contain the biases and personal prejudices of the author. Herodotus is no exception. Within his many detailed stories and events, the reader can clearly sense his thoughts of Greek supremacy. The ancient Greek people were very proud of their culture for many different reasons. A main source of pride, however, was the Greek style of art and architecture. The Greek culture was very rich around the time of the fifth and sixth centuries BC, influencing many other cultures that came in contact with it. One such culture was that of the Persians. The Greek force defeated the Persian force, lead by Xerxes, in 479 BC. After this battle, there is evidence of Persian art having som...

Alba Holidays Limited Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Alba Holidays Limited - Case Study Example The rest of the week, the plane will fly holiday passengers to lower priced holiday packages under the brand name of Prestair. There is no mention about how many flights Alba plans to operate on daily basis. However, there is the mention that the plane will take 1.5 hours to cover the 600 miles distance to Balerica. This means the plane will take 2 hours to cover the average 800 miles daily the rest of the week days. A return trip to these locations obvious will double the mileage and time to 3 hours and 4 hours respectively for Balerica and other destinations. Assuming the plane is rested 6 hours during the day of the week when it is flown to Balerica and 5 hours during each week day when it is flown to other lower priced holiday packages destinations, it is capable of making maximum 6 trips a week on the same day to Balerica and 5 trips daily to other destinations rest of the week. The plane expects to have 90% occupancy annually. This means it will have approximately 144 passengers on each flight. This translates to maximum 864 passengers (144 x 6) weekly to Balerica and 4320 passengers (144 x 5 x 6) during the rest of the week to other holiday destinations. Thus, the total number of passengers for Balerica and other holiday destinations work out to 5184 (864 + 4320) every week. ... other lower priced holiday packages destinations, it is capable of making maximum 6 trips a week on the same day to Balerica and 5 trips daily to other destinations rest of the week. The plane expects to have 90% occupancy annually. This means it will have approximately 144 passengers on each flight. This translates to maximum 864 passengers (144 x 6) weekly to Balerica and 4320 passengers (144 x 5 x 6) during the rest of the week to other holiday destinations. Thus, the total number of passengers for Balerica and other holiday destinations work out to 5184 (864 + 4320) every week. The industry average prices for equivalent brands are 380 for Balerica, and 300 for other holiday destinations. Details regarding costing, finance and administration are given as follows. Full Costing of One Week Sunbronzer Holiday in a Studio in Balerica The figures available in the instructions have been used to arrive at the full costing. However, there are other costs that have not been mentioned in the instructions and hence have been included. These are the costs of advertisements, additional manpower in the form of tour guides, drivers, etc, which serve as the unique sales points (USO) in the holidays' business. As per information available in the instructions, the following expenses have been included to arrive at the full costing figure: One Week's Costing (Sunbronzer) Hangar fees (100,000 x 52/357) 14,566 Aircraft Servicing @ 2 per air mile travelled (600 x 2 x 2) 2,400 Fuel (600 x 8 x 2) 9,600 Aircraft Cabin Maintenance (600 x 0.40 x 2) 480 Depreciation - Land & Building (480,000/ 7) 68,571 Depreciation - Furniture & Fixtures (320,000) 45,714 Allowances for Breakages 200 Gardening, Maintenance & Maid

Writing assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Writing - Assignment Example The variables used are time in years against the cars, either cars or light trucks. Further analysis is done on the effect of the car sales to fuel sales at the pump. A graph of fuel is drawn, showing the weekly retail price per gallon. The graph changes from week to week and is directly affected by the number as well as the type of the cars sold (The Wall Street Journal, Para 1). Figure 2.Source: Gold, WSJ research, Global oil glut send prices plunging, October 14, 2014. Gold, Russel. "Global Oil Glut Sends Prices Plunging." The Wall Street Journal. Dow Jones & Company, 14 Oct. 2014. Web. 27 Nov. 2014. . In the graph above, a graph is used to illustrate the changes of prices of oil in the different months. Numbers are used to represent the sales in million dollars against the months of the year, and that is from the beginning of June to the end of October (Gold para 1). The graph shows how the fall in the prices of oil affects the output. The low oil prices will serve as an incentive for producers, resulting in high production. Figure 3. Source: Source: Gold, WSJ research, Global oil glut send prices plunging, October 14, 2014. Gold, Russel. "Global Oil Glut Sends Prices Plunging." The Wall Street Journal. Dow Jones & Company, 14 Oct. 2014. Web. 27 Nov. 2014. . The graph above shows illustrates the sale petroleum by different oil companies. The sale is represented in percentages starting with the one having the highest percentage to the one with the lowest. This allows easy interpretation of the graph, from the complexity of large numbers involved (Gold para 3). Figure 4: Source: Madigan, Kathleen. "A New Way to Track the Ecnomy." WALL STREET JOURNAL. Dow Jones & Company, 26 Nov. 2014. Web. 26 Nov. 2014.

EXERCISE 5 P+P Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

EXERCISE 5 P+P - Research Paper Example The Merise has the basic assumption of System design and development going through three cycles of - abstraction, approval and life cycle. There can be object oriented transformation of Merise analysis. The cognitive bias of Merise is that it is not limited only to the modeling of a database (Pham, 1991). 2. Purpose & Periphery   What does the method encompass?   What is it (designed to be) used for?   To what can it be adapted/applied?   What does it preclude? The method encompasses three characteristics viz. structural overview with diagram and text that is beneficial for easier implementation, better quality system and a use of improved planning. The development method was primarily designed for UK and the government computing requirements. The application later became hugely popular and hence it was adapted by the European public sector companies (Doorn, 2002) . The Merise mainly encompasses graphical representation through three different cycles. It is mainly designed fo r development cycle, which is decision cycle, life cycle and abstraction cycle. It is mainly applied such that data and processes are viewed in conceptual level then logical level and finally operational level (Pham, 1991). The SSADM technology precludes various drawbacks of previous technologies by offering below listed advantages:- 1. SSADM involves user 2. SSADM separates the logical and physical aspect of the system 3. It gives the three different views of the system 4. It has well-defined techniques and documentation However, SSADM technology cannot be applied in all conditions. The SSADM technology requires a large enterprise and may not be suitable for all types of enterprises like Small scale or medium. A large investment of time and money is required to use this technology. It requires a big place and also needs trained people to use it (Ashworth, 1990). 3. Process & Procedure Guidance offered   What do we do? What happens next?   Procedures for moving through the stage s/phases/tasks/ Practitioner guide   Participant guidance   There are guidance available, which can teach the software designing methodology with plenty of tutorials available, both in printed form and online format. The Practical Business Systems Development using SSADM4 by Philip Weaver (Weaver, 2002) is a complete guideline on it. There are software development sites, which help in these issues too. With the help of Logical Data Modelling, one can identify, model and document the requirements of data for the system being considered for design. Using this method, the data is separated into relationships and entities. Because of this, it becomes easier to know about the fields for which business needs to record the information and about the relationships between entities. The data flow modelling recognize, model and document the movement of data around the information system. It examines the actions which transform one form of data to another, area where data is held, what rece ive data into system or sends data from system and also about the routes through which data can flow. And the entity behaviour modelling takes care of actions that influence each unit and the sequence in which these actions occur. There are detail procedures in these tutorial books which guides through stages of the task. Even there are modules like requirements analysis,

Education Is Very Important Essay Example for Free

Education Is Very Important Essay It helps us gain knowledge, information and interpret things correctly. Education teaches us how to lead our lives by mingling in the society and turning out to be good citizens. It makes us capable of interpreting rightly the things perceived. Education teaches us right behavior and makes us civilized people. It forms as a support system to excel in life, to continuously learn and build confidence, to reason everything till every question meets its answer. The conversion of information to knowledge is possible because of education and we also gain intelligence. Higher education influences the economic development of a nation as per the economists. A person is always judged by good manners he/she has. Education is important as it teaches us to differentiate between good and bad manners and choose the right behavior that cultivates good manners. Good manners are important for kids to develop at a very young age. Kids must learn to be polite, learn telephone etiquette, socialize with other kids and develop values. All this can be taught at home as well as school. Teaching your children good manners creates a foundation for them that will follow them through life. Education is important because it equips us with all that is needed to make our dreams come true. When we opt for higher education or masters, we need to choose the specialization field of our interest and talents. Most leading courses allow you to study all areas for the first year and to choose a specialization in your second year when you have more exposure and knowledge about these fields. The technical and analytical skills can be well explored in the area of ones interest.

Analysis of Oh, my love is like a red, red rose, by Robert Burns Essays

Robert Burns has created many magnificent poems but the most charming, is â€Å"Oh, my love is like a red, red rose†. This poem is the essence of all his artistic creativity. He has a particular merit because relying on folklore and the dialect of his country; he created a modern art that does not only belong to the culture of his country but all over the world culture. With his genius, Burns fascinates the reader by transforming Scottish folk songs into marvelous poems. With sweet music in his heart, the poet-speaker writes about a young woman who he loved beyond measures. On the background of amazing music, Robert Burns, plants a red, red rose on the heart of the reader. It looks like this lyric is written by a shaking pen that is not under Burn’s command but under a magic power of an emotional vibration, which sources automatically from an exquisite sense of spirituality. Without such vibration, Burns could not choose any word to create his immortal lyric. The secret s of this fascinating lyric can be detected in the light of a literary analysis of four stanzas, and the literary interpretation of every gleaning word. The often-used first line makes the reader more familiar with poem. The speaker's love is expressed through two similes; his love is compared to â€Å"a red, red rose† and â€Å"the melody† (1, 3). The speaker echoes his sentiments by reinforcing two above similes with the phrases â€Å"That’s newly† and â€Å"That’s sweetly† (2, 4). Obviously, the color "red" is a symbol of passionate love and used in the form of alliteration such â€Å"a red, red rose† it shows how strong is the speaker’s feeling (1). Its appeal over time and comparison with the loved woman gives the reader the possibility to discover the speaker’s pleasant ways on art... ...essly is distinguished that Burns brings to the reader a breathing red, red, rose that disperse its aroma in air of Scotland of that time. In addition, it is easy to see that Burns admires the folklore of his country, and classic writer and with an innate realism and so sweet melody becomes one the best representative of naturalism and romance. A detailed literary analyze shows how the word choose, rhythm and a figurative languages are used skillfully in closed form to create a masterpiece. These elements of literary analyses and Burns ideas make him belong to extraordinary school of romanticism. Work Cited Burns Roberti. â€Å"Oh, my love is like a red, red rose† Literature: Reading, Reacting, Writing. Ed. Laurie G. Kirszner and Stephen R. Mandell. Compact 7th ed. Boston: Wadsworth, 2011.818. Print.

Savage Cultures in Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness :: Heart Darkness essays

Heart of Darkness Essay: Savage Cultures Conrad effectively evokes a dream like image of the jungle by using language. He uses strong words to describe the natives appearances, characteristics and presumed behavior. Very common in his descriptions are the use of very strong and erotic words like "wild " and "intense". For example the description of a boat load of natives paddling down stream is distinctly primitive. He says "they shouted, and sang†¦ their bodies streamed with perspiration; they had grotesque masks†¦but they had bone, muscle, a wild vitality and intense energy of movement†¦"(78). In contrast a comparison, to the author’s description of a white, affluent, suggestively desirable race, made them appear artificial, sloppy and lethargic. Clearly seen in the following phrase, "flabby, pretending, weak-eyed devil of a rapacious and pitiless folly"(81). Another obvious implication of a primitive and savage culture using language, which gives the reader the illusion of wilderness, is the author's use of the word cannibals. By using the word cannibal the author implies a savage and uncivilized race, since both the word and the act are abrasive. Especially in context with the period this text was written in, 1910. Back then, the idea of natives in the jungle was a proven fact not a rumor or fantasy. Already afraid of this reality the use of the word made the image of the native more frightening and convoluted. Whereas today, cannibals are hardly threatening at all since the likelihood of their existence is purely fiction. Ironically, Conrad is able to combine the use of this word with a very tender and humorous description of his crew, "Fine fellows - cannibals-in their place. They were men one could work with†¦And, after all, they did not eat each other before my face: they brought along a provision of hippo-meat"(104). A last description of a native is of Marlow’s companion the "savage who was fireman"(106). He too was described to imbue the image of a savage as society had presupposed a native would look like. Marlow describes his native physical traits, beginning with a description of his teeth. He said " -and he had filed teeth, too, the poor devil, and the wool of his pate shaved into queer patterns, and three ornamental scars on each of his cheeks.

Studying Abroad or Studying At Home Essay

Studying abroad has become very fashionable for many residents. Many students seek the opportunities to study overseas to create a bright future and achieve childhood dreams. People who prefer to leave their home and study abroad seemed to be searching for educational satisfaction over their entire desire. Homesickness and culture shock besides unsafe environment are only a few problems of what an expat may face. It is believed that students shouldn’t leave their home to study abroad. The first reason why we should encourage students to pursue education locally is that a student studying locally doesn’t need to learn how to speak the local language of the foreign country that’s because they already known it. This will help avoid any communication problems between the students and their surroundings. Students can mix and blend with fellow classmates and teachers with ease. Moreover, students would be closer to home, being able to see and communicate with their loved people. Learning to live without a family is difficult and hard to cope with especially if someone was far alone from friends’ support and help. Another reason why a student shouldn’t leave their homeland to study abroad is the difficulties of moving. Studying locally is not as expensive compared to studying overseas. Students would not need to rent apartment as they can stay in the house they have been living in. Winter clothing, which also costs a lot of money, is not needed for those who are planning to study in western side. Local calls are also far cheaper than international calls for people who study outside of their country. More important, as a foreign student, students will experience distinct traditions and customs from that of their homeland and influence by their behaviors and norms. Students sometimes encounter with cultural shock. In different country things can be different than our habits. It is difficult  to get used to live in a foreign country. Traditions, habits and people are different and besides this it takes time to learn what their traditions and habits are. Culture shock also causes student not to be social and feel homesick. Students might miss their environment, family and friends. The opponents argue that studying abroad has many advantages, such as the advanced courses and developed approaches and facilities and the glory name of the western universities. They think that could expand student outlook and autonomy. However, local universities have encouraged students to study at home by opining international and famous worldwide university branches in its land. Furthermore, these universities branches are not less significance than the main branch in its original country. The counterarguments may think that speaking the language is better when someone lives between native people of the language. However, governments established many numbers of language institutes whose crew exclude native speakers. To conclude, studying locally is the best choice for students who are looking for satisfactory ad high level of education. People should be proud of pursuing education in homeland universities, where the difficulties of alienation can be avoided. By studying locally, there is no need to speak the language and moved on, only to enjoy studying among your loved people and to live dreams.

Free Essays on Sleep Depriavation

Sleep plays an important role in optimizing a student’s academic performance and is a great factor that determines the proper function of a student during a daily basis. Although sleep is very important in everyone’s lives, students are the ones who are most likely to suffer from sleep deprivation. It has been proven and is very obvious that sleep deprivation can influence and affect anyone’s mood, health or performance, a student’s ability to pay attention in class, productivity level during the day and in the long run, may even affect students’ academic scores and achievements. Strangely enough, most students who stay up late are studying to get good grades. Sleep deprivation is sometimes caused by sleep disorders but sleep disorders are also the result of lack of sleep, which one cannot help if diagnosed with a sleep disorder. Students from ages 15 to 25, more than any other age group, are more likely to experience sleep deprivation because of the certain pressures that school can bring upon them, especially at higher levels of academic learning. Therefore, students feel they must stay up late to study or do something productive. In addition, a teenager’s biological clock is much different from an adult or a child. A teenager’s body, naturally, wants to go to sleep late and wake up late. However, most teenagers do not follow their natural biological clock and they go to sleep late, as their body tells them to, but is forced to get up early to go to school. For teenagers to fully function properly they need at least 9 hours and 15 minutes of sleep each night but because they biologically want to sleep at 11 to 12 oâ⠂¬â„¢clock and have to wake up at 7 or 8 o’clock to get to school on time, most students only get 7 hours and 15 minutes. Although 8 hours of sleep allows anyone to reasonably function during the day most students who get this much of sleep are thinking about sleep and feeling sleepy throughout the ... Free Essays on Sleep Depriavation Free Essays on Sleep Depriavation Sleep plays an important role in optimizing a student’s academic performance and is a great factor that determines the proper function of a student during a daily basis. Although sleep is very important in everyone’s lives, students are the ones who are most likely to suffer from sleep deprivation. It has been proven and is very obvious that sleep deprivation can influence and affect anyone’s mood, health or performance, a student’s ability to pay attention in class, productivity level during the day and in the long run, may even affect students’ academic scores and achievements. Strangely enough, most students who stay up late are studying to get good grades. Sleep deprivation is sometimes caused by sleep disorders but sleep disorders are also the result of lack of sleep, which one cannot help if diagnosed with a sleep disorder. Students from ages 15 to 25, more than any other age group, are more likely to experience sleep deprivation because of the certain pressures that school can bring upon them, especially at higher levels of academic learning. Therefore, students feel they must stay up late to study or do something productive. In addition, a teenager’s biological clock is much different from an adult or a child. A teenager’s body, naturally, wants to go to sleep late and wake up late. However, most teenagers do not follow their natural biological clock and they go to sleep late, as their body tells them to, but is forced to get up early to go to school. For teenagers to fully function properly they need at least 9 hours and 15 minutes of sleep each night but because they biologically want to sleep at 11 to 12 oâ⠂¬â„¢clock and have to wake up at 7 or 8 o’clock to get to school on time, most students only get 7 hours and 15 minutes. Although 8 hours of sleep allows anyone to reasonably function during the day most students who get this much of sleep are thinking about sleep and feeling sleepy throughout the ...

In Absentia Used As An Adjective

In Absentia Used As An Adjective â€Å"In Absentia† Used As An Adjective â€Å"In Absentia† Used As An Adjective By Maeve Maddox A reader has asked me to comment on the following uses of the Latin phrase in absentia (â€Å"in his/her absence†) in The Harvard Crimson: Headline: FAS Relaxes In Absentia Rules Text: Undergraduates studying abroad in spring 2007 will be able to take their fall exams early- if their instructors approve- rather than having to lug their books overseas for in absentia exams. The reader feels that the phrase should not be used to describe a noun: This usage looks incorrect to me. M-W describes [in absentia] only as an adverb. Regardless of what it says in the dictionary, in absentia is often used as a qualifier in academic and legal contexts: Fallows intended his in  absentia  program as a vehicle for reaching adults, not as  an option for the conventional, youthful collegiate audience. All degree requirements must be completed or in progress before the student can begin the in absentia graduation process. The in absentia registration fee is $25. If a defendant takes off during the pretrial phase, however, he may be able to elude an  in absentia conviction. In general usage, there’s no reason to use in absentia as anything but an adverb phrase: The degree was conferred upon the deployed soldier in absentia. The man was condemned in absentia. The new program chairman was elected in absentia. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:30 Synonyms for â€Å"Meeting†Social vs. Societal20 Slang Terms for Law Enforcement Personnel

Good Second Jobs to Earn Extra Cash Outside Your 9-to-5

Good Second Jobs to Earn Extra Cash Outside Your 9-to-5 If you have a full-time job, but you’re still looking to make some extra money, you might be wondering where to look for side job ideas. In a January 2016 survey released by research and employment company  Indeed, 33.6 percent of the 3058 Americans surveyed moonlight, or work a second job. For the majority of that crowd, the second job helped make ends meet. For others, they saw it as a way to start their own business or make money doing something they enjoy. For me, I was often working a second gig because I liked the idea of being my own boss and having some extra cash on hand to pay off debt or save. I also love experiencing new things, and I even worked part-time as an independent jewelry consultant to have some extra money to donate to charities one year. Whether you’re looking to pay down those ever lingering student loans, want to build that emergency fund of at least $1000, as recommended by personal finance expert Dave Ramsey, or you’re looking to sav e some money for your dream vacation or home, you definitely have options.What type of side job ideas would you be good at or enjoy?There are a number of good second job opportunities available. To begin the process of identifying what’s best for you, brainstorm and make a list that includes all of your competencies and the tasks you enjoy doing. For example, do you love helping others succeed and enjoy your current line of work? Maybe part-time coaching is in your future. Do you enjoy hosting parties for your friends and family? Maybe the service industry or wedding planning would be right for you. Are you good at photography, graphic design, or writing? Then freelance work might be a great fit for you.If you still need help coming up with side job ideas, peruse the Job Posting page of your local Craigslist ads to see what employers or individuals are currently requesting. You might also consider asking friends or family members what they think you might be good at. Mind Too ls and My Career Quizzes have some fun (free!) quizzes that might help you answer this question, as well. Below, I’ve also provided a list of potential opportunities to help you lay out your roadmap to part-time income success.Part-time and Work from Home OpportunitiesFreelance workWriting, graphic design, video editing, photography, web design, coding, and internet marketing are just some of the areas where freelancers are making some nice part-time, and often full-time, income. Sites such are Outsource.com,Guru.com, Writersaccess.com and Peopleperhour.com are sites where companies and individuals turn to for help in completing various tasks and projects. Each site works a bit differently, but for the most part, freelancers build a profile page and pay to post bids for jobs. It can take some time to understand the process and build a portfolio, but with time, these can be lucrative opportunities. Personally, I’ve had success in securing freelance writing work from sit es such as these. You can also do an online search for training resources to help you start a freelance business. For example,   Workingwriterhappywriter.com is one resource for those looking to secure freelance work. You can also search for jobs on your local newspaper job posting boards, as well as on Craigslist mentioned earlier.Personal and Business CoachingIf you have a knack for business or are the go-to person for advice, then you might consider business or life coaching as a good second job. A quality coach can make anywhere from $100 to $300 per hour and upward. Workshops and Webinars are also a way to make some extra money by offering your services or expertise to a group.If you think this might be a good fit for you, there are certifications available to help boost your credibility. When researching coaching and certifications, not all programs are created equal. The International Coach Federation holds a particular set of standards for accrediting organizations that of fer coaching certifications. That’s not to say that programs without accreditation aren’t of value, so do your homework and find a program that’s affordable and a good fit for your current circumstances and needs.If you have a skill in the arts, such as acting or singing, then you might also consider being a voice or acting coach.Serving and BartendingIf you have experience in the service industry or think waiting tables or bartending would be fun for you; then finding part-time work in the evenings or on weekends at a local restaurant might be a good fit. The great thing about these side job ideas is the fact that the schedule is often flexible, and you can request others to pick up shifts when you need to. Not to mention, at a steady restaurant, servers can easily make $15 an hour plus on average, and bartenders tend to make even more. I’ve held this type of job in the past and made good money while having fun doing it.Direct SalesIt’s not for ev eryone, but network marketing and direct sales can be a nice way to make some part time income. I have several friends who do it, and they love it. They make anywhere from a few hundred to a few thousand per month. Some even use it as their primary source of income. Another great thing about becoming an independent consultant for a reputable direct sales company is the fact that they can have reasonably priced marketing materials that are already designed for you, such as websites and business cards.Having personal experience in direct sales, it does take some time and effort, but if you’re a good self-starter, it’s worth looking into for a good second job. It can be a fun way to make some extra money while also building your professional network. Plus, there are direct sales companies for a variety of niches, from health and wellness (Isagenix) to cosmetics (Jafra, Mark Kay) to jewelry (Stella Dot). There are service-based direct sales companies, as well, such as Leg al Shield, a company offering pre-paid legal services to individuals and businesses. Do some research to determine what companies have the best reputations and support that you need.Child and Senior CareTutoring, babysitting and offering senior care services is another way to make some extra cash. Sites such as Care.com can be a helpful place to secure these types of jobs. They also require a background check, which provides peace of mind to those hiring for such services.Driving and Courier ServicesUber and Lyft have become popular means of transportation for the night time party goer to the frugal business traveler. I recently used Uber quite frequently when in Los Angeles, and I made it a habit of asking the drivers how long they’d been driving and if they enjoyed it. With one exception, every one of them seemed to enjoy it. They made their own schedules and decent money on the side if they were consistent in their pick-ups. To join a company like Uber, it’s relativ ely straightforward, and the process is laid out on their website. They are location specific and require you to have a driver’s license in the state in which you’ll be driving. There are also certain vehicle requirements.Courier services, such as PostMates, has also had success in recent months. These types of companies offer courier services to customers. Your job would be to accept a job via their app, pick up the order, check it twice, pay for it with the company card PostMates gives you at orientation and then deliver the order. ForPostMates, you’re paid a percentage of the customer’s fee, and your income is deposited weekly into the account you set up when you sign up.   They serve several areas throughout the United States, and once you’re a PostMates, you can work in any of those locations.Other OptionsTeaching a fitness class (lots of options by entering â€Å"become a fitness instructor† for an online search), mowing lawns, house cleaning or becoming a virtual assistant (check out freelancer.com) are additional side job ideas that allow you to make some extra cash.Words of Wisdom (or Caution)The good news is, as you can see, there are numerous ways to make money outside of a full-time job. At the same time, you do want to clarify how much you can handle, so you don’t stretch yourself thin. Keeping your stress level manageable with a full-time job can be challenging enough, the last thing you want to do is add stress to the situation. Get clear on how many hours you can manage outside of your current job, determine the days per week you’re available, stick to a schedule, and cut back if you begin getting sick or feel overwhelmed. Take it from me, your health needs to be a priority.You also want to play it safe. Do your due diligence and beware of scams. Proceed with caution before providing your personal information, and if it sounds too good to be true, it probably is. All the organizations and resources provided here are ones that I, or someone I know, have had some experience with. However, everyone’s experience is different, and organizations can change over time. It’s important for you to find reputable organizations and opportunities that work for you. Also, check with your current organization’s Moonlighting and Conflict of Interest policies to ensure you’re not out of alignment with those policies when choosing your desired part-time gig(s).Now that you have some side job ideas and resources to work with, give yourself some time and be patient as you venture into this brave new world; and don’t forget to have fun with it!Note: this article was originally published on TopResume.TopResume is a Talent Inc. company, the personal branding destination for all career-driven professionals. Through our extensive network of professional writers, we offer career advice and analyze and write more resumes and LinkedIn profiles than any other s ervice in the world. Ready to get started? Request a free resume critique today.